• Several previous reports have demonstrated that epithelial c

  2022-05-21

  

  Several previous reports have demonstrated that epithelial cell migration is important in promoting mucosal repair after damage caused by DSS and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [33], [34], [35]. Cell migration is coordinated by many factors, including fibronectin and its receptor integrin α5,

• In three independent groups identified GPR A HM A and

  2022-05-21

  

  In 2003, three independent groups identified GPR109A (HM74A) and GPR109B (HM74), two GPCRs, as the receptors for niacin., , GPR109A, which is present in all species, is a high affinity receptor for niacin., GPR109B, which is only present in human and chimpanzee, is a low affinity receptor for niac

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2022-05-21

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion DNA repair pathways have evolved for a long time to act independently of one another. However, over the past decade several overlaps and crosstalks between these pathways were identified, showing that the DNA repair system is more complex than previo

• We next compared the enhancing effects of nM zinc

  2022-05-21

  

  We next compared the enhancing effects of 100nM zinc on currents produced by a low concentration of glycine with zinc effects on the same currents produced by the partial agonist taurine. In this experiment, zinc was co-applied with concentrations of glycine or taurine producing 5–10% of the maximal

• To confirm that these were

  2022-05-21

  

  To confirm that these were bona fide interactions, we investigated whether the potassium channel subunits or Tmem263 formed complexes with GLT-1 or DAT after immunoprecipitation. Lysates of HEK-293 cells previously cotransfected with HA-GLT-1 or HA-DAT, and either YFP-Kv7.3, YFP-Kv7.2 or YFP-Kv7.5 w

• MicroRNA or miRNA is group

  2022-05-21

  

  MicroRNA, or miRNA, is group of RNA molecule of about 22 nucleotides without protein-coding function. MicroRNAs are widely distributed in plants, animals and even some viruses and participant in both normal physiological and pathological processes by post-transcriptional regulation of gene expressio

• In conclusion atorvastatin but not pravastatin impaired gluc

  2022-05-21

  

  In conclusion, atorvastatin but not pravastatin impaired glucose utilization in C2C12 cells and glucose tolerance in HFD mice, which may be partly due to the inhibition of GLUT4 translocation in muscle cells. The decrease in the cholesterol level induced by atorvastatin may partly account for the in

• Although the ramifications of non additive SAR

  2022-05-21

  

  Although the ramifications of non-additive SAR are context-dependent, the knowledge that perturbations in one region of a chemical series are not synergistic with perturbations in another region of the same chemical series is clearly pertinent to any medicinal chemistry effort. In our experience, no

• So far several methods have been used to monitor the

  2022-05-21

  

  So far, several methods have been used to monitor the level of GJC and its regulation in astrocytes studied in acute axl inhibitor slices (see Giaume et al., 2012). This mainly includes approaches based either on electrophysiological properties of gap junction channels or on “dye coupling” experimen

• br Results br Discussion secretase mediated proteolysis of

  2022-05-21

  

  Results Discussion γ-secretase-mediated proteolysis of integral membrane proteins is required for diverse biological processes (Lal and Caplan, 2011). One γ-secretase target of particular interest is Notch, as recent work has shown Notch activity to be increased in obesity and associated metab

• The significance of A and tau as therapeutic

  2022-05-21

  

  The significance of Aβ and tau as therapeutic targets is not only derived from pathological evidence of postmortem brain but also from biochemical analysis of cultured human neurons. This is largely based on the induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology that has been established to study Aβ, t

• Inflammatory pain is very common in the clinic

  2022-05-21

  

  Inflammatory pain is very common in the clinic. A study demonstrated that galanin was upregulated after nerve injury or inflammation (Ma and Bisby, 1997). It has been reported that galanin plays an important role in the transmission of nociceptive information in the spinal cord of rats with inflamma

• Another TKI used in cancer therapy is the Abl

  2022-05-21

  

  Another TKI used in cancer therapy is the Abl inhibitor imatinib mesilate which has also a beneficial effect on glucose homeostasis in diabetic humans [39], [40], [41]. Imatinib has a clear impact on NFκB activation and anti-apoptotic preconditioning of β-cells [39], attenuating islet inflammation [

• br FAAH regulation of ECB signaling ECBs are fatty

  2022-05-20

  

  FAAH regulation of ECB signaling ECBs are fatty Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate ammonium amides and monoacylglyerols functioning as neuromodulator lipids that exhibit rapid (within seconds) on-demand biosynthesis in response to neuronal activation, and are subsequently degraded by specialized catabol

• 20187 Microglia after activation can show prominently pro

  2022-05-20

  

  Microglia after activation can show prominently pro-inflammatory but also anti-inflammatory characteristics [46]. Although the ageing process is not a pathological process, many of the age-associated changes resemble those observed under pathological conditions. An increase number of pro-inflammator

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